Sensitive skin reacts easily: redness, stinging, itching or dryness can appear after using the wrong product or simply stepping outside on a freezing January day. In Canada, where winters are dry and summers can be humid, choosing the right moisturizer makes a big difference.

Signs your skin is sensitive

• Stinging or burning when you apply products
• Frequent redness or blotchiness
• Dry, tight or flaky patches
• Reactions to fragrance or certain ingredients

Ingredients to look for

• Ceramides: help rebuild the skin barrier.
• Glycerin and hyaluronic acid: attract water into the skin.
• Squalane: a lightweight, non-greasy oil that softens skin.
• Colloidal oatmeal: soothes itching and irritation.
• Niacinamide (in low concentrations): supports the barrier and reduces redness for many people.
• Dimethicone and petrolatum: form a protective layer against wind and cold.

Ingredients to avoid or test carefully

• Fragrance and essential oils
• High concentrations of alcohol
• Strong exfoliating acids used daily
• Harsh scrubs

Choose the right texture for the season

How to patch test

1. Apply a small amount behind the ear or on the inner forearm.
2. Repeat once or twice a day for several days.
3. If you see redness, itching or swelling, do not use the product on your face.

Read the label

In Canada, cosmetics must list their ingredients. Products labelled fragrance-free, hypoallergenic or for sensitive skin can still irritate some people, so ingredient lists matter more than marketing claims. Pharmacies across the GTA carry dermatologist-recommended brands, and pharmacists can help you choose.

When to see a doctor

If dryness or redness persists, or if you have cracked, painful or weeping skin, you may have a condition such as eczema, rosacea or contact dermatitis. A family doctor or dermatologist can recommend treatment.

Read more: a Korean skincare routine for Canadian winters and common skincare mistakes.