Cats are famously good at grooming themselves, but they still need help, especially long-haired breeds, seniors and overweight cats. Done wrong, grooming can stress your cat or even cause injuries. Here are the most common mistakes and how to avoid them.

1. Bathing too often

Most cats rarely need a bath. Frequent bathing can dry out their skin. Bathe only when necessary, for example if your cat gets into something sticky or toxic, or on your vet’s advice.

2. Using human shampoo

Human shampoos have a different pH and may contain fragrances that irritate a cat’s skin. Use a shampoo made for cats, and never use products containing essential oils such as tea tree, which can be toxic to cats.

3. Cutting nails too short

Each nail contains the quick, a sensitive area with blood vessels. Cutting into it is painful and causes bleeding. Trim only the clear tip, use sharp cat nail clippers and keep styptic powder nearby. If you are unsure, ask your vet or groomer to show you.

4. Ignoring mats

Mats pull on the skin and can trap moisture and dirt. Never cut a mat with scissors close to the skin, as cat skin is thin and easy to cut. Brush small tangles gently or have a professional groomer shave larger mats.

5. Brushing too rarely, or too roughly

Long-haired cats may need daily brushing; short-haired cats benefit from weekly sessions. Use a brush suited to the coat and be gentle around the belly and tail.

6. Forgetting teeth and ears

Dental disease is common in cats. Ask your vet about tooth brushing with cat toothpaste (never human toothpaste) and dental treats. Check ears for dirt, odour or redness, but avoid pushing cotton swabs into the ear canal.

7. Forcing long sessions

Short, positive sessions with treats work better than one long struggle. Stop before your cat becomes stressed and try again later.

8. Missing health clues

Grooming is a good time to check for lumps, fleas, skin problems or weight changes. A cat that suddenly stops grooming itself may be in pain or unwell; see your vet.

When to see a professional

Professional groomers and vet clinics can handle heavy matting, nail trims for anxious cats and lion cuts for long-haired breeds in summer.

More pet guides: keeping your pet healthy in Toronto.